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[1] Docker for newbie

  • image
  • container

dockerhub : a place of storing images

Category​

The category is what I organized the most important commands for a beginner that they will use it frequently in the future.

If you can nail it, then you can feel free to use almost 80~90% in Docker.

Action​

  • docker pull / docker push / docker commit
  • docker build : Build an image from a dockerfile. (Advance)
  • docker run : Create a container (It can only run once.)
  • docker exec : (If you have not created it before, you cannot use it.) Enter a container
  • docker start / docker stop : Start a container, and stop a container
  • docker rm / docker rmi
  • docker cp

Check status​

  • docker ps (Check the status of containers that is currently running) / docker ps -a (Check all containers)
  • docker images (check all images) / docker image ls
  • docker info

Command​

1. Docker pull​

info

The purpose is to pull the image.

Command:

docker pull (Account):(Tag & version)

Ex:

docker pull ubuntu:20.04

If you do not specify the version you wanna pull, then it will pull the tag of latest version by default.

2. Docker run​

info

The purpose is to create a container from an image.

The main structure:

docker run (options) (image name) (command)

For example:

docker run (options) ubuntu:20.04 bash

Options:​

All of options should be put between run and image name.

  • -i -t (i.g., -it) : -i represents "interactive" and -t is --tty.
  • --name : give a name. (We cannot use the same name.)
  • --rm : Won't store it after you leave a container.
  • -p (port) (host):(container) 8080:8080
  • -v (volume): Mount the folder (host folder absolute path):(container path)
  • -d : background (The meaning of -d is "detach")

3. Docker exec (execute)​

info

The purpose is to enter an alive container. (or a running container)

Command:

docker exec (options) (container name) (command)

4. Docker commit​

info

The purpose is to commit a container be a version.

Command:

docker commit (container ID) (image name)

Ex:

docker commit chieh chiehpower:0.1

5. Docker tag​

info

The purpose is to change the image name.

Command:

docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]

6. Docker cp​

info

The purpose is to copy the files to your destination.

Command:

docker cp (target) (destination)

(container name):(path)

Ex:

  • Copy the test.py file from "chieh" container to host (here).
docker cp chieh:/workspace/test.py .
  • Copy the test.py file from host to the /workspace/test.py location of "chieh" container.
docker cp test.py chieh:/workspace/test.py

Slide​